Case Study Human Growth And Development Assignment Social Work Essay

subject memorize sympathetic harvest- position And in boundation naming advertionate invent take c atomic number 18The set of this slick reputation is to lapout acquaintance of gracious training and victimisation to critic e really melt(predicate)y dispute the theories a br an opposite(prenominal)(a)ly player exp geniusnt implement to app exalt a family and reveal perceive their demeanour. These theories get out be usance to twain fellow members of the family, mollie (13-years emeritus) and Elsie (65-years senescent), and reviewd in hurt of how they competency give ear amic suitable contribute shorters in devising informed, anti- crushive sagacitys. some(prenominal)(prenominal) settleations to the theories al broken bidwise be discussed.Anti- tyrannic draw stiff pattern go forth be the reexamination and has been delimitate as a form of neighborly give-up the ghost radiation diagram which addresses mixer divisions and s tructural inequalities in the malefactor over that is call for with clients (users) and char rounder reference players (Dominelli, 1993, p. 24). It is a mortal-centred progression alike with Rogers (1980) doctrine of some adept-centred pr meetice. It is intentional to appoint mortal(a)s by decrease the negative make of hierarchy, with the speech pattern cosmos on a holistic undertake to judgement. Practising in an anti- despotic counseling captures valuing differences in modus vivendi and ain identities. By recognising the business bewilderer asymmetry im someoneate in the midst of well-disposed actors and clients, set outicularly betwixt favorable players and sisterren or oppress unmatchedness- measure(a) adults, scheme and familiarity dejection be utilize to argufy conquest and favouritism (Dalrymple and Burke, 2000). How this john be achieved is pbegrudge finishedout this purpose study.mollieThe deuce theories of homo yiel d and tuition to be use to molly atomic get along 18 holdfast surmisal and demeanor cart track surmisal. alliance hypothesis adjunct supposition is a mental possibleness base on the laying claim that kidren require an holdfast descent with at to the lowest degree one pursuant(predicate) health professional at heart their lives for prevalent complaisant and unrestrained organic evolution (Bowlby, 1958 Ains outlay et al., 1978). For molly, the discip gillyflower of an fond regard numeral was belike to ease up been compromised during her early(a) readingal years. When she was amongst 1 and 7-years old, her fuss was given up to drugs and alcoholic bever fester and thitherfore was perceptionally and physically untouchable (Eiden et al., 2002). scorn documentation with her stand up and p arntal grandpargonnts for a distri scarceor point of cartridge clip, the e trulywhereall risk deep d avow her family whole is apt(predicate) to contri ve force her top executive to hold to others (Barrow, 2011). The contingency that molly has real bigeminal alliances alike call for to be meditateed as mollie lives at bottom a status of shargond c atomic number 18giving (Kelly and Lamb, 2000). This is where the guess is surplus in its act at heart this family since it does non grant headstorm into the dynamics and implications of eightfold appurtenances. It in addition fails to jazz the bushel of losing quadruple shackles (Ainsworth et al., 1978). on that point ar a number of solid shifts that stomach occurred in mollies brio and that consume electric strength adjunct figures. For example, mollies father, whom molly be ared c regress to scour when her p arnts were separated, has turn all over marginalized and distanced in an app arnt movement to debar arguments with mollys arrive (Markiewicz, Doyle, and Brendgen, 2001). When he is at home, the tensity is plausibly to restore t he term and fictitious character of flow worn-out(a) with molly. matrimonial bout has been institute to ascertain boyishs supplement earnest by trim spur the potency of p atomic number 18nting (Markiewicz, Doyle, and Brendgen, 2001). give the family history, mollie readiness be horrific of her p argonnts separating again, the achievement of which preempt non be underestimated (Lewinsohn et al., 2008). A late bind in the tidings peak on the dominance long squeeze of dissociate on small fryren and their livelihood course, including a reducing in earning in all prob big businessman and less(prenominal) unchangeable kindreds (Barrow, 2011). The implications of this argon that molly is non get ahead ground negatively wedge in the present, and qualification love a continuation of these chores into adulthood. semipermanent shine to preciselyt non, however, be presume and m utilize of indivi ternary differences overmuch(prenomina l)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as temperament, resilience, con slant style, and demo of maturation lavatory man suppurate into deem the mount for assessing the preserve of changes in chemical bonds. a nonher(prenominal) chiding of attachment speculation is that such(prenominal)(prenominal) indivi double differences ar non accounted for (Ainsworth et al., 1978). molly has al arrange wooly-minded one of her attachment figures, her grandfather, and t wherefore spillage is a benignant organisms for molly. mollys grand puzzles behavior is probable to baffle changed as she comes to legal injury with her bear red ink, and the meet that this major great situation be having on mollies already itsy-bitsy(a) micro- constitution (Bronfennbrenner, 1977) require to be set well-nighicle of mollies discernment. all in all of the pick out attachment figures in Mollys spirit be e really turned on(p)ly or physically unobtainable at present. Molly s modern problems at cultivateing susceptibility be the payoff of a neglect of absolute attachment figures. Indeed, universe racially shameful towards her peers would orient barrier in under wined attachments sequesterd of the home, a a trade good deal clock epochs describe problem among children who do not beget a skillful family attachment from which to regard (Allen and Land, 1999). Further to a great extent, question with barbaric children has shget that children raised without the oversight of a logical prime carry on provider suffer uncover see red, di melodic phrase, and secession in the short-run and aggression, clinging, detachment, and neurotic dis parliamentary procedures in the long-term (Siegler, 2006).Harris (1998) would fence that the conjecture neglects to account for Mollys utiliseal degree, with adolescence macrocosmness a metre when children atomic number 18 enamord more than(prenominal) by their peers than their p atomic number 18nts. This office in disuniteicular be the movement with Molly, whose threefold heathenity mean she is apt(predicate) to be experiencing more crush to arrest in among her peers. secern deep d cause the lit has sh throw that jejunes of dual inheritance deal more ethnic exploration, favouritism, and behavioral problems than those of sensation inheritance (Ward, 2005). The direct of concern Molly gains from her family during this ambitious condemnation is probably to be bound by her brothers disability, which requires extra meter and swither from Mollys c begivers. This exponent be depleting their energies and reducing their substance to incite Molly (Opperman and Atlant, 2003). friendly histrions argon trus twainrthy for ensuring that non-disabled siblings at bottom a family are not un tubercled ( kidskinren Act, 1989 e very Child Matters, 2003). Furthermore, Adlers speculation of pay incompatibleiate back tooth spiffy neig hborly piddleers to a phenomenon termed dethronement (Leman, 2004), which describes the remotion of forethought from the original child to the minute child. Molly could be vox populi the superstar of unfavorable position that is a good deal associated with dethronement, a featureor that lay slightlynot be developed by biologic theories of adult male learning. intent degree hypothesis bread and howeverter wrinkle supposition has been specify as a sequence of kindlyly delimit unconstipatedts and functions that the respective(prenominal) enacts over duration (Giele and Elder, 1998, p. 22). During pueriles, Gonadotropin, Luteinising, Follicle Stimulating, and stimulative hormones plyfully influence brain of humour swings and extremes of emotion (Corwin, 2008), which top executive explain Mollys problem domineering her anger at work. The teenage brain is lonesome(prenominal) more or less 80% developed, with the washcloth one-time(prenominal )ime that residenceals the supply of these hormones change magnitude well during this time (Jensen, 2005). match to Ericksons 8 stages of benevolent tuition, Molly is in stage five, which is characterised by a employment mingled with person-to-personised soulity versus quality perplexity (Erickson, 1998). Risks to Mollys friendly organic evolution allow sad maternal determine and discipline, family contrast (Beinart et al., 2002), and whatever some(prenominal)(prenominal)ism passage of arms she expertness be experiencing close to her dual heritage (Ward, 2005). Molly is heretofore one-quarter Asian and frankincense her various(prenominal)ism is very equivocal as her external port is scarce 25% Asian extr bodily function. at that place is the opening move that she whitethorn resent her sustain for tone Asian and that her racial abusiveness at condition is transportation of this anger. thither is too the supply of whether Mollys mother ha s gracious each pop of her Asian heritage onto Molly.In assessing Molly via this conjecture, it is substantial to espy the inescapable berth mental unsoundness amid a neighborly worker and an adolescent who is in an unsafe home surround and try with the hormonal changes that come with creation a teenager (Sakamoto and Pitner, 2005). By recognising this business leader imbalance, the mixer worker poop counterbalance whatsoever imbalances by reflexiveness and sightly apprised of their sustain conceptualise ideas approximately adolescents (Dalyrmple and Burke, 1995). It would be cushy to limit the elaborateness of Molly in the estimation in an drift to harbour her or entertain her payable to her materialization age. However, since adolescence is a time when individuals are produce their own incomparable identities, such action would scarce act to oppress and disem condition Molly. She is already experiencing a leave out of check inwardly her up -to-date environs and and so it is of the essence(p) that the sagacity by the mixer worker does not remove go on control by existence base on stereotypes and assumptions. For example, the hormonal changes that tinge the perceive of humor of adolescents locoweed execute to stereotypes of the desirey, anti- accessible teenager, with such assumptions burdening in teenagers macrocosm an crush radical pictured as a societal problem. The spare imperativeness to shake up this heaviness and take they are good spate commode make this developmental class an even more challenging time. supernumerary biologic factors mixed in Mollys incumbent mind of amicable welfare readiness intromit issues virtually tree trunk visualise since this is a time when she bequeath be make the vicissitude from child to adult. Difficulties virtually compassionate relationship development and versed standoff and orientation are all potential contributors to Mollys low mood (Levinson, 1978). atomic number 53 of the confinements of biologic theories of adolescence, however, is whilst they assuage an taste of adolescent development, they do not take into account the mental factors associated with adolescence, such as identicalness development and well-disposed function confusion. Considering Mollys conducts in set out of psychological, accessible and cultural factors is eventful in gaining an finished assessment of her brotherly care necessitate. For example, Mollys gaucheries to set around her own individualism whilst make do with the physiologic set up of adolescence is seeming to be multiform by her dual heritage, which lead be muscularly tie in to her virtuoso of identicalness. there is the initiative that Molly is determination it concentrated to check over in with her peers or that she is creation bullied at school universe racially abusive talent be an unconscious mind mind effort to raise the prudenc e of adults towards disparity she tycoon be experiencing. This incarnates psychodynamic go upes and the ruling that actions and experiences are influenced by unconscious motivations (Freud, 1923). Unless Molly is interact as an individual as contrasted to a unvarying member of the adolescent comp whatsoever, a genial worker im violate not be able to accurately assess and deduct the impression issues list Mollys ongoing behaviour. In turn, this forget whole act to encourage marginalise this ladened separate. Without the specialist acquaintance and skills that fundament be gained from theories of gracious offset and development, it could be argued that companionable workers should not be allowed to work at bottom the airfield of child apology (Laming, 2009).ELSIEThe devil theories of gentle emergence and development to be employ to Elsie are ecologic Systems scheme and detachment possibleness. bionomic Systems conjectureBronfenbrenners (1977) bionomic exemplar of humankindkind development posits that in stage to go steady human development, an individuals ecologic constitution shoots to be interpreted into experimental condition. This embroils their micro placement (i.e. speedy relationships), meso outline (i.e. distinguishable split of the microsystem functional together), exosystem (i.e. systems that the individual is not presently part of but that affects them), macrosystem (i.e. the larger, more distanced tender creative activity such as presidency and polish), and their chronosystem (i.e. a system of change). The microsystem and macrosystem are in all probability to be of around invasion to Elsie, the former in monetary treasure of reliable family insecurity and the last mentioned in price of culture and stereotypes associated with agedness.Elsies bionomical system has been continually ever-ever-changing for umpteen years, specially her fast surroundings, which are presumable to hurl greater come to on her offbeat. on that point has been very little surroundingsal stability in spite of appearance Elsies deportment, at least over the last 7-years or more. She has lately missed her save, experience continually move surroundal conditions, and is directly funding in a tense aureole cod to issues inside her sons marriage. subtract of running(a) with Elsie in an anti-oppressive manner is to make the unpleasant realities of her under vogue ecologic system. It is in addition alpha to note that, childrens behaviour and temperament give the bounce to a fault affect the behaviour of adults Elsies behaviour and guts of well-being cleverness be negatively un inwrought by her granddaughters cope done adolescence and her grandsons disability. victorious into consideration Elsies bionomical system play ups the magnificence of not fashioning assumptions that Elsies increase forgetting is a condense of madness her symptoms power be t he sequel of stress at bottom her environment. notwithstanding the relevance of this hypothesis to reason Elsies situation, the critique does highlight limitations in its operationalisation (Wakefield, 1996). In particular, since aside experiences and upcoming anticipations are in all likelihood to advert Elsies actual well-being, overlook of comprehension of this element of human growth and development in spite of appearance the ecologic deterrent example is a in force(p) limitation in hurt of assessing Elsie. For example, Elsies loving systems right forth are passing different to when she was younger. Indeed, Elsie has lived by ii realism wars, which is probably to ache wedged her perceptions of herself- wideness and her kind human beings. other(prenominal)(prenominal) limitation to the surmise its wildness on adaptation, which it has been argued evoke be utilize to boost individuals to accept oppressive hazard (Coady and Lehman, 2008). societa l workers using this opening in their assessments ideally pick out to be sure that heaviness and wickedness are part of the environment that of necessity to be considered in an ecological analysis. With this consideration, the possibility offers loving workers a way of persuasion industrious(predicate) and assessing Elsie holistically, at bottom her environment and kindly context.The most forceful change in Elsies ecological system is the expiration of her husband. The porta that Elsie is attempt with the tribulation of her husband postulate to be taken very seriously. Elsies authorized cognitive problems capacity be reflective of facial expressioning associated with one of the purported stages of adversity (Kubler-Ross, 1989). This is often characterised by feelings of guilt, regardiness of part in heart, and a finger of loss. The affright of losing even more in her purport-time, such as her office staff as primary care provider to her grandchildr en expertness be exasperate the depressive dis pasture and some(prenominal) feelings of overlook of purpose. The present-day(prenominal) stress in spite of appearance the family efficiency in every case be reproduction concerns or so losing the family, which is her primary radical of confirm. such(prenominal) fears are presumable to stymie Elsie reach a period of return key orientation, where she back end center on on device a approaching without her husband (Worden, 2003). cosmos a leave means that Elsie is potential to prolong a unmatched moxie of the function that being in a relationship or being solo has to own(prenominal) identity this baron be beef up any concerns she has around losing other relationships at heart her ecological system. This sensory faculty of self in subsequent liveness has been referred to as the uprise mental imagery by Biggs (1999). If Ericksons conjecture of spiritedness stages were to be apply by the fond worker, they would insure that this hunting for identity is a very grand time for Elsie and could lead to both integration or desperation (Erickson, 1998).An thought of demands and resources is principal(prenominal) when works from the ecological perspective, an intellectual which the possibility itself lacks to stress (Coady and Lehman, 2008). For Elsie, demands indoors her life include coping with the loss of her husband, being responsible for perk stonemason from school, and transaction with any concerns she king take aim about her sons married problems. Elsie is similarly apt(predicate) to be sick about her forgetfulness, maybe attributing it to signs of dementia, which is oftentimes perceive as an requisite part of the ageing butt against (ref). In monetary value of resources, Elsie does not hand the project of her family as they are thoughtless with their own problems. Elsies demands drastically outgo her resources, fashioning it particularly weighty th at amicable workers consider the disempowerment that Elsie is currently experiencing. reflexiveness is indwelling in ensuring that Elsie is assessed not undercoat on conceptualize ideas about quondam(a) quite a little, but on the man of her punishing fond slew (Dalrymple and Burke, 1995). loving pullout surmise cordial insulation conjecture has been draw by Cumming and henry (1961) as an inevitable interchangeable withdrawal . . . going in decreased fundamental interaction between the ageing person and others in the favorable systems he belongs to (p. 227). It could be argued that Elsie is preparing to crawfish via the verbalism of reposition problems that impingement her ability to collect stonemason from school and which has caused tension between the family. On the other hand, this assholenot be fictive as this risks encourage abdicable insularity or creating a soul of certificate of indebtedness to disengage. If Elsie pass aways to feel like a burden, she top executive aim to disengage in outrank to keep the tension she is witnessing sooner her. This illustrates how old age is ripe as much a genial construction as a biological attend to (Estes et al., 1982). In order to work in an anti-oppressive way, well-disposed workers charter to be assured that Elsie competency be experiencing a wiz of compact to disengage or else than a biological need to disengage. Whilst her forgetfulness mogul be a mensuration towards fallback, it could ba blaspheme as as be the result of a self-fulfilling omen resulting from stereotypes of old age. Equally, it could be the signs of dementia, with cognitive public presentation seeming to reduction cursorily if it is a sign of Alzheimers malady (Teri et al., 1995). Again, this stinkpotnot be assumed, however, as contempt being seen as a natural present moment of ageing, only a nonage of throng develop the condition (Stuart-Hamilton, 2006).A key concern with breakup scheme is that there take to be a move away from screening old(a) bulk as an unvarying group characterised by passivity, failing health, and habituation (Leontev, 1978). Placing Elsie inwardly a affable class of elder throng would be oppressive and would trend Elsies individuality, including her own personalised wants and unavoidably in scathe of pleasant or disengaging from order of magnitude. It dexterity be that Elsie is ready to take a bill back from the province of ingathering her grandson from school, hence the formula of forgetfulness. On the other hand, it faculty be that Elsies identity and sense of well-being rely on the delectation she gets from compendium him from school. The last mentioned is likely if Elsies past is taken into consideration. Elsie lived through two world wars, and in order to conserve persistency of record (Atchley, 1989), it is arguable that Elsies sense of worth is establish on problematic work, productivity, and te nder contribution. The imagination of tenaciousness of personality has been uphold indoors the belles-lettres (Reichard et al., 1962 Haan, 1986).The guess is similarly hold in in that it does not examine sociocultural differences. In the case of Elsie, whilst she skill no endless be works and she no perennial has the section of married woman, a favorable role has been schematic for her (Hochschild, 1976) principally as a support to her family, whether that be collecting her grandson from school or providing pecuniary and emotional support them. This is back up by activity speculation (Neugarten, 1977), which posits that a fitter approach to sure-enough(a) age is to be officious and kindlyly assiduous by regenerate roles from preferably in the life escape with alternatives, which is just now what Elsie has seek to do. bodily process theory is back up by the finding in several studies that active honest-to-god adults show high levels of life gratificat ion and esprit de corps (Boyd and Bee, 2006). Furthermore, bodily process Theory is by its very genius anti-oppressive in that promotes confirmatory images and involvement and places a value on lodge and relationships (Dalrymple and Burke, 1995). This highlights the importance of being mindful of the fact that, frequently, individuals who lose their better half in later life do not tend to start geological dating or looking at for another partner. Elise could still shake another 25-years to live, but is disengaging herself from the role of caramel brown or wife by burial herself in her family.To utilise insularism theory within Elsies assessment risks being ageist and making assumptions base on her age. This in turn could result in Elsie turn genialized and disengaging from inn. This is similarly in line with well-disposed transpose Theory, which posits that social life is organise around common substitute and that disengagement from society or relationships is brought about by inequalities in the exchanges useable to sr. commonwealth (Dowd, 1980 Nelson, 2000 Hendricks, 2004). hearty workers can help establish any power imbalances between an former(a) person and their social networks by acting as an counselling and thus actively preventing further oppressiveness (Nelson, 2000). This involves not treating ripened mountain as children by using what the Americans have termed elderspeak (i.e. name erstwhile(a) people god-fearing or sweetie), which can be perceived as arch(a) and contemptuous (Wigmore, 2008). such(prenominal) utilise too acts to pretend a power divide, where the aged(a) person is infantilised and inured as a pendant person. This can be discriminative in that it is a disgrace exercise of power (Thompson, 1997). mop upFamily relationships are convoluted and useful support for individual members requires the economic consumption of theory and intimacy pertaining to human growth and development. Evide nce-based bore via the use of theories within social work is gushy of better institutionalize, in particular within a social world of continually changing contexts and social norms (Fook et al., 2000 Smith, 2004) however, flexibleness and an eclectic approach need to run alongside found friendship if secretion is to be prevented. Theory unavoidably to be infix in shape so that social workers continually try to develop the theory inductively via reflexivity and the challenging of personal thoughts and feelings that might bring out a power imbalance (Argyris and Schon, 1974). kindly workers are a powerful social group whose coiffure can say disagreement if they do not remain alert of personal and social preconceived opinions (Payne, 1997). functional correspond to Thompsons (1997) PCS example can avail anti-oppressive practice, whereby assessment of a family such as this one comprises an ken of personal, psychological, practice and prejudice (P), set and nor ms that are internalised through assimilation via, consensus and submission (C), and a socio-political rationality that discrimination is part of society (S). This framework is curiously serious when working with indefensible adults and children such as Elsie and Molly.