A Business Plan For An Online Store Marketing Essay

A Business Plan For An Online Store Marketing Essay In this computerized era, shopping online has never been so common and popular. This is the new trend where people nowadays actually prefer to purchase stuffs via online. Why? They dont have to go out all the way to a shopping mall, they get to find really good and cheaper bargains and online goods actually comes in more variety! These are also the purposes of us setting up a blog and introduce our services and goods via online. Customers can actually go to our blog (www.crowns-and-roses.blogspot.com) or go to our Facebook page (http://www.facebook.com/pages/Malacca-Town-Malaysia/Accesorized/143106969046004?ref=mf#!/pages/Malacca-Town-Malaysia/Accesorized/143106969046004?ref=mf) and browse for our products. Right after theyve made their decisions, we will process their orders and within 2-3 days they can receive their purchases already. Convenient, isnt it? Our main business is to introduce affordable and good quality bags to all the females out there. Every girls love to buy bags. Hence, the business! We will also introduce a wide range and variety of different designs that you can never get in brick-and-mortar store in shopping mall. Scope Our scope will be just click and mortar store. We do not have any capital to set up a brick and mortar store yet. We are currently just students, on top of doing this business for BEL subject, we ourselves also would like to try some other alternatives to earn some side income for us. Next, we will only sell our products within Malaysia only. Anyone from Malaysia will be able to purchase our products. Our target market are more to females, aging between 15 years old and above. Females above 15 years old and above appear to be more financially stable than females who are below 15 years old and hence, they are able to purchase our products. Males are welcome to purchase our products as well if they intend to buy our products and give it to their mother or siblings or even friends. We expect our main customers to be Malaccans. This is simply because we will promote our products more to friends around us, and also because of the availability of COD, where people actually prefer to not pay for the additional postage fees. Limitations and Assumptions Our main limitations will be capital problem. We do not have much capital to do all ready stocks and buy hundreds of stocks for our customers to choose. Therefore, we will find a supplier who can supply us stocks, and our main job is to help her promote her products. And for every items sold, we are given some commissions. This method does not include any costs, and at the same time we can earn money. So why not? Secondly, our limitations will be transport problem. We are still students, and most of us do not have cars here. The only transportations available will be bus and taxi. In order to COD with a Malaccan customers, we will normally ask them to come to collect their goods around MMU Melaka. We are unable to choose other pick up points like Jusco or Melaka Sentral or Tesco simply because we do not have transport. Lastly, our knowledge in creating blogs are really limited. We are unable to hire professional webpage designer to help us design a really user-friendly webpage. We can only count on our own to come out with a webpage to publicize our products. Therefore, our website is just mediocre and not that appealing to people who have high requirements on blog designs. Besides, our blog also lack of certain functions. Stakeholders Our first stakeholders will be our customers. Most of our fund will come from our sales revenue. Second stakeholders will be the bag supplier from Taiwan, where we purchased our stocks under Batch A from them. Our third stakeholders will be our main bags supplier from Malaysia, which falls under Batch B products. Last but not least, we are our own businesss stakeholders because all the 5 of us come out with RM 550 total as a capital to start up our business. Acronyms definitions There are a few acronyms and definitions where you can find in our blog. Here we are going to explain them all out to clear our customers doubts. EC simply means Electronic commerce. PM means personal message, where customers can directly send us any pm in order to reach us. B2C simply means business to customers business, which exactly explains what we are doing. Click and mortar means we only have online stores, do not have any brick and mortar stores out there. While brick and mortar simply means a physical store outside. COD means cash on delivery, where our customers pay us on the spot we deliver the goods to them. Business Plan Executive Summary Electronic Commerce requires each of us to form a group consists of 5 people. And we are required to set up a blog and sell our goods to our customers via online. Firstly, we will be setting our blog via www.blogger.com. The link to access our blog is www.crowns-and-roses.blogspot.com. We basically get this idea from a group of American hard rock band named Guns N Roses. To make it sound more girlish, we changed to crowns and roses. The title for our blog will be Accessorized! Simply means that our products can be your accessorizes for your outfit of the day. We try to figure out and come out with some simple yet sophisticated layout, making sure that everyone loves the blog layout, feels attracted to it, and at the same time its user-friendly. We will have a few clickable links on our blog sidebar, where customers can view our products by categories. Not only that, we will also provide delivery method, payment method, Terms and Conditions for our customers references. The main objec tive of our blog is to make the customers feel that our business is trustworthy and reliable. Business description The main products that we are going to sell in our blog will be bags. We will be having a few series of bags for sales. Firstly, PG bags. This PG bags are a very well known brand in Taiwan. Sadly, Malaysia doesnt have this bags selling in any shopping complex. This brand is so famous because it is always updated with the latest fashion trend, always comes out with new arrivals, and most importantly, the price is very reasonable. Most of the bags price range are within RM 20- RM 60, which are affordable to all females. To make sure we get the authentic products, we have searched for a middle man to help us purchase the bags from Taiwan. So our products are directly imported from Taiwan and 100% quality assurance. Money back guaranteed if they are not authentic. We will price our products within RM 20-RM 60 as well. Selling bags bring us desirable profits, and the stocks are easy to handle as well. Operational plan Operation plan is all about how the business will operate and how for us to deal with the customer when they are purchasing our goods. Our blog business will be operating everyday including weekend too. The duration will be 24 hour and 7 day a week without rest. The blog will be updated with new products from time to time so that our customers can purchase latest design of the bags that suit them. Besides, there are also a chatbox in our blog, to those customers who are in doubt regarding our products, can always leave the questions at the chatbox there, and we will reply them according to their questions as fast as possible. The stocks of the bag will be replenished once the ready stock for now is finished, currently we have 18 bags ready stock, the customers can get their stocks right away with COD or postage method. For the dealing method, we will use poslaju for the postage method or we can also have a COD( cash on delivery) session around MMU Melaka with the customer if only the y are willing to come over here to get the bag. For the posting rate, it is RM8 flat no matter how many bags you purchase. Only applicable for residents in West Malaysia. For east Malaysia residents, the rate will be RM 12 no matter how many bags you purchased. Regarding the payment method, we have both Cimb account and Maybank account, both of the accounts can be used to pay for the bag. This will make the customer more convenient as they can pay online without going through all the hassle by going to the bank to deposit the money in the bank. Financial Report Targeted Sales (units) Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 6 Week 7 Week 9 Week 10 Week 12 Week 1 Week 2: There are no sales for this period because of the preparation for business plan. This is when we discuss, plan and decide on what to sell and which supplier to get from for our online business. Week 3 Week 6: Within this period, we start to create our blog and Facebook to advertise and start to promote to our friends. We got not much response from customers because this business is still new to them. While promoting our products, the bags that we order directly from the supplier in Taiwan has finally arrived at the end of Week 6. Week 7 Week 9: After few weeks of promoting our products through blog and Facebook, our online business finally start to have some feedback from our customers. Therefore, we target to sell about 5 bags for the beginning and from what we had targeted, we actually manage to reach our target sales within this period of time. Week 10 Week 12: From the response that we get from our customers, we target to sell around 10 bags in these 3 weeks. Our online business is quite successful because we had achieved our target sales again. Although the profit is not much but we hope that our sales will slowly increase from time to time. Below is the income statement of Accessorized e-commerce business: Income Statement For the Three Months Ending August 31, 2010 RM Net sales 795.00 Less: Cost of goods sold 666.80 Gross profit 128.20 Expenses Postage 24.00 Net profit 104.20 MARKETING PLAN Market analysis Target market Our target market will be female. Nowadays, not only teenagers move towards fashion but also middle-age female. Female teenagers are the most important target market. Throughout the trendy world, female teenagers are getting trendy and very particular about fashion. We are taking this opportunity to target female market as selling the most fashion bags. By selling best possible price, we believe that they will be affordable to purchase our products and we have faith in attracting them towards our fashion bags. Besides that, we will target middle-age women as one of the popular markets too. As adults, they are mostly having a fixed income so that they are willing to spent more money in order to purchase their lovely and interested products. Positioning We will set up in customers mind to show that our online business of selling bags is something that brings fashionable to them. Nowadays, female love to buy many types of bags in order to match with their dressing according to occasion. To make our business more attractive, a lot of display photo are post in the blog so that customers can have moe clearer picture about our fashion bags. To do this, customers should well know about our bags each time they recall the word of fashion. Pricing strategy Online business is something that brings convenience to customers and not something trouble. By starting up online business, we able to eliminate many cost. In order to making profits, we should develop few types of pricing strategy so that a best possible price can be achieved. First of all, we develop product line pricing. Product pricing is types of technique to set the price steps between various types of bags in a product line with a different price. Throughout our blog, we have categorized several of bags into different range of price to allow customers freely choose their favourite bags. Another one is psychological pricing. We fix our bags to price below RM50 so that customers are affordable to purchase. Based on psychological approach, we price each bag into RM29.90, RM39.90, RM49.90 rather than a round figure of RM30, RM40, and RM50. This is a marketing strategy to influence customers mind that the products are cheaper than round figure. Customers are more likely to purchas e our products due to this attractive strategy. Promotion plan Promotion plays an important role in business. A well promotion plan should be develop in order to attract huge customers to buy our products. In promotion plan, we use direct marketing. Subscribe mails are one the way to promote our business which giving sufficient information about all the description related our products and delivery and payments methods so that customers can know more about our business hence they can promote their friends either word-of-mouth or through online. By mailing to one customer, it can be possibly indirectly spread the news to others. In addition, we will come out with lucky draw section through the blog. For those customersm are selected, they have chance to get a free gift. Next, we use online media to develop an advertisement at Facebook, twitter or e-mail in order to create awareness about our blog. Facebook is kind of very popular media that used by everyone no matter what country you are. So we taking this opportunity to create a group named Accessorized and place a lot of display photo in Facebook. Not only that, we will take real photo with the bags to show that the reality of the bags. Customers can have a clearer picture about the quality and design of the bags. If customers have any inquires, we able to communicate diherectly with customers and reply them from time to time. Besides that, delivery and payment method, term condition are stated clearly and details hence customers will be convenience when they feel interested and can making order directly from us. This may pass an effective message and information to create awareness about out blog and the related products for customers understanding. Furthermore, Facebook can show that number of people like our page and information can be updated quickly so that customers can get the latest and effective news for our business progress. Last but not least, sales promotion is an effective strategy that affects customers purchasing decision. The promotion include that we create member special benefit which purchase one bag can automatically become a lifetime member. Members are entitled 5% discount on every purchase of bags due to limited time to period. This is a sales promotion to attract more customers delight and satisfaction. And also, customers who purchase 2 bags or more simultaneously will entitled free postage. By implementing sales promotion, customer attraction can be achieved towards our fashion bags. Distribution plan There are two types of delivery method which available to customers. First method is Cash on delivery (COD). Customers can make cash payment directly when they are nearby to us. The areas are only available in MMU Melaka. For instance, as we are MMU student, students who study in MMU purchase our products are able to pay cash payment and can get the products directly. Another way is postage where our products are in delivery services by using postage. Customers may charge postage fees when they purchase our products. We are using pos laju to deliver our bags. To remind that our business is within Malaysia only, so there will be two different prices in West and East Malaysia. For West Malaysia, it will charge RM8 flat whereas East Malaysia is RM12. No matter how many bags customers purchase, the charge are the same. Demand forecast To determining the forecast regarding to quantity of a product that customer will purchase, we focus more on female. Females love to shop and they are probable to buy our products. In addition, they treat bags as a fashion and they are most likely to buy many types of bags in order to suit with attire according to occasion. Thus, we can forecast that females are our target more and they will demand more. We will be doing a survey regarding the popularity of products to prove that our forecast is reliable and to estimate the quantity of our products that customers will purchase. Estimated people who involved with this survey will be approximately 50 people. Questionnaire This survey will only perform to 50 female: Do you like our bags? YES NO Have you ever purchased any products through online shopping before? (state what products) ____________________ Which price range appear to be affordable to you? RM20-30 RM30-40 RM40-50 RM50 and above OTHERS_________________ Do you think our bags are fashionable/up to the current trend? YES NO Which type of bags will you prefer as stated below? Sling bag Handbag Wallet/Purse COMPETITOR ANALYSIS Example of competitor SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Internal External Positive Negative Our strengths (S) are to provide some tips for the buyers to differentiate between the authentic and fake products. We are definitely selling authentic products where the bags have their own brand sign in it. Customers are confident to buy our products with a full trust. We also provide some tips and tricks to match bags with the attire of the day by our models. In addition, customers are able to search for all the detailed information about our products, order and delivery service and payment method throughout our attractive blog. Feedback and QA from our customers are highly encouraged so that we can to communicate and solve problems faced by customers. Our main weaknesses (W) is that customers cannot try the bags on their own to identify whether the bags really suit their preferences or not. This is because most of our stocks are from Taiwan, it is not like any other physical shop whereby customers can look at the quality, examine the quality of the bag and also try the bag on themselves before buying the bags. Next, we will be discussing on opportunities (O). In the trendy world, teenagers like to match their attire and also, our bag designs are trendy and fashionable. Thus, we have the opportunity to attract female to purchase our bags. They see bags as kind of fashion and they will feel interested towards our fashionable bags. Our main threat is that there are already have many bag sellers selling in the online market. An example of online competitors that selling bags are: www.baobaopifa.com. baobaopifa.jpg From the website, customers are allow to return the bags if they found any faults in the bags. This appear to be a benefit to customers but we are unable to do so. Thus, we must offer reasonable price and make attractive promotion to compete with those competitors in order to maximize our sales. And also, some of the customers prefer to purchase the bags at physical shop because they feel that it will bring more guarantees. For instance, Ecco shop is one of the brand selling various types of bags in a real shop. It is one of our competitors because Ecco shop does not only sell bags but they have also clothes and wallet. Risk Assessment We understand that every single business does carry risk. It is just different by the rate of risk that the business carry. Although there are many interruption on business that caused us to bear a huge risk, but we decided to accept it as a challenge towards the success. First of all, doubt of product quality will always be the main concern how people will think about when they do online shopping. Customer cannot touch, feel, see, and try on the product before they purchase. Hence, they will feel insecure, especially those who are having their very first transaction with the seller. We tried to overcome this problem by snapping real photos of the bags by our models. By looking at real photos, customer can have a clearer picture on the size and quality of the product. Besides, we also have this so called Chat Box and testimonial page that will allow customers to leave their comments if they have any satisfied or unsatisfied comments to voice out. Through the real feedbacks from custo mers, others will have more confidence on what we are selling on. Next interruption is that we are facing is selling price of our competitors. In fact, there are many seller that are selling exactly the same things as what we have. Sometime they are selling at a much lower price than us simply because they want to clear stock. In other words, they might be selling at a loss. We cannot follow this as we need to earn some profits to retain our ongoing business. So, how do we compete? What we can do is just to promise our customers on our products quality. We make sure that the price theyve paid definitely worth the quality of the bags we provide to them. The next interruption will be our products are less attractive to certain category of buyers. At the beginning stage of our business, we are unable to sell as much as other retailers did. Hence, we do not have so much capital to increase our stocks to satisfy our customers who come in different tastes. To overcome this problem, we fou nd a supplier that enable us to became an agent/middleman whereby we do not have to pay a single cent of capital. Although the profit was not that high but it is still able to sustain our business. Furthermore, we cannot serve those customers who prefer branded bags such as LV, and Gucci as our product status are not set as luxury line but just an ordinary product, hence this definitely caused us to lose certain amount of customer who prefer branded bags. Problem that we face during resources requirement process might also cost us a lot. First of all, the case run out stock is the most common problem among all. With the reason we are selling on first come first serve basis and each bag only limited to one unit, once the bag has been purchased, we are unable to satisfy another customer who shows the same interest. Besides, it might happen where products from suppliers do not match with what we have expected earlier on. Because this is not a face-to-face transaction, communication pro blem might happen during the ordering process. Hence, we have to seriously tell supplier what we exactly want and ensure that they provide the latest design for us in order to fit our customers taste. Blog blog1.jpg This is basically the interface of our blog. The main reason why we chose this template is because of the girlish colors, which consists of pink and red combination. And also the huge image that a girl carries a bag, totally suits to represent our blogs business. Below we are going to explain our blog in details : These are pages which consists of Home, Contact Us, Order Form, Testimonials and also Terms and Conditions. Customers can click on the button to access to the pages they want. This is a .GIF file which we will update from time to time. It works as a place for us to inform what we want to tell to our customers. We made it into .GIF file so that our customers will be more attracted to animated images and not static words. RSS button. Customers can click on the RSS button to subscribe to our blog and receive updates. Twitter button. Customers can share our blog via Twitter. Search button. Customers can search information within our blog by typing the keywords inside. blog2.jpg COD, CIMB Bank, Maybank are the three methods available for customers who want to pay us the money. Pos Laju and COD are how we deliver our products to our customers. blog3.jpg Here is a place where we will post all our contents. We will provide pictures, measurements, and also real pictures of the bags. blog4.jpg A category where customers can browse our products easier according to price and also availability of the products. A chatbox where customers can drop us questions and also testimonials. blog5.jpg This will be a place where we promote our friends EC blog as well. blog6.jpg Visitors This is a place where we check our blog view hits. Only unique visitors will accumulate the hits, not page load. Archive Customers can see how many posts we already had throughout the whole period. Feedjit This is a gadget where we can track where our customers come from. blog7.jpg Find us here! Customers can also check us out in Facebook. Right after they like our page, they will be able to browse our products. blog8.jpg Made easier for customers browsing. Customers can search keywords in our blog, see how many people are currently viewing the blog, like our blog via Facebook, share our blog to others, and chat with us in real time. Made easier for customers browsing. contact us.jpg Contact us page A page where we will provide the sellers name, handphone number and also MSN address so that our customers can ask questions directly to us. order form page.png Order form page Customers who have already selected their bags, will have to insert their information in the order form so that we can deliver goods to them. testimonials.jpg Testimonials page A place where customers leave feedbacks to us via chatbox, and we will transfer them to Testimonials page so that other customers are more convinced to purchase our products. TnC.jpg Terms and conditions page Customers must read and agree with our Terms And Conditions before they proceed in purchasing our products. This is to avoid any misunderstandings among the buyers and sellers.

Community Gardens Essay -- Personal Narrative Culture Papers

Community Gardens As I tire of the ongoing struggle between my umbrella and the wind, I look for a warm, sheltered corner to pause and pull myself together. All I see is a deserted parking lot. Frustrated, I step onto the concrete under the awning of a neighboring building and fumble with the weathered wiring of my umbrella. Fighting the torrential rain isn’t my idea of a nice afternoon as my venture to explore the picturesque EastVillage turns into hugging the side of a building to escape a storm, staring at black pavement marked and divided with white lines. As I muse over how unpleasing the aesthetics of a parking lot are, I notice a worn 8 by 11 sticker stuck to the wall of the building. The phrase Save Our Gardens frames a torn caricature of Mayor Rudolph Giuliani. I wonder why someone would put up a poster in this parking lot because no one is likely to see it. The tears on the sticker stand out because they remove the first printed layer of the image. Someone who inhabited this space just as I have has made a physical statement representing his or her response to the sticker. Was it the mocking picture of Giuliani that captured their attention and inspired their resistance? Was it the gardens? Or was it the location? Regardless, it is clear that the Save Our Gardens sticker has aroused controversy. I am reminded of â€Å"Enactments of Power: The Politics of Performance Space,† an essay by Ngugi Wa Thiong’O that investigates the rich content of a performance space in the context of post-colonial Kenya. He explains that the â€Å"space is never empty† (291). According to Ngugi, even a space as sterile as a parking lot can be â€Å"the site of physical, social, and psychic forces in society† that often reveal points of contention, mani... ...l interview. 23 Feb. 2003. Geertz, Clifford. â€Å"Deep Play: Notes on a Balinese Cockfight.† The World Through Art: The Advanced College Essay. Ed. Darlene A. Forrest, Pat C. Hoy II and Randy Martin. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2002. 145-78. Goulish, Matthew. â€Å"How Does a Work Work Where?† The World Through Art: The Advanced College Essay. Ed. Darlene A. Forrest, Pat C. Hoy II and Randy Martin. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2002. 184-87. Greenblatt, Stephen. â€Å"Culture.† The World Through Art: The Advanced College Essay. Ed. Darlene A. Forrest, Pat C. Hoy II and Randy Martin. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2002. 188-95. Sonia. Personal interview. 23 Feb. 2003. Thiong’O, NgugiWa. â€Å"Enactments of Power: The Politics of Performance Space.† The World Through Art: The Advanced College Essay. Ed. Darlene A. Forrest, Pat C. Hoy II and Randy Martin. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2002. 287-319.

Machiavelli’s Principals and NAFTA :: Outsourcing, Offshoring, Free Trade

"Therefore if a prince wants to maintain his rule he must learn how not to be virtuous, and to make use of this or not according to his need." 1 Thus wrote Niccolà ² Machiavelli almost five hundred years ago in his handbook to the Prince Lorenzo De’ Medici. Whether Machiavelli wrote these words in a desperate attempt to win a position as advisor or whether he hoped in truth to trap the prince with false advice we can only guess from afar. Yet his book offers both advice and food for thought for today. In the last chapter of the book he offered a dream for a new Italian Moses, someone to free Italy from foreign control. Whether this was Machiavelli’s passionate dream or simply bait for the prince, we are now embarking on what may well be the opposite: the selling out of our own country to foreigners in the dream of one unified North America. It is exactly what Prime Minister John A. Macdonald called "veiled treason" in 1891. 2 If you, Mr Mulroney, are to continue in thi s decision Machiavelli’s principals of heartlessness and purpose may be invaluable. Machiavelli warns when a principality invites a new ruler in, expecting to improve their situation they will likely be disappointed and then rebel against the ruler. In Machiavelli’s time this would have meant a full and bloody rebellion, but think how much easier it is now! The people have only to vote at the election, and do not need to remind you that in the most recent election you had only 43% of the vote. The majority of the people are against you, and this is dangerous. What is it you promise the people, and can you provide? You need not fear giving your word lightly, and I doubt anyone today truly expects you to keep all your promises. Yet still there must be something for you to offer in the end. "The common people are always impressed by appearances and results. In this way there are only common people, and there is no room for the few when the many are supported by the state." (101) The immediate problem with NAFTA, as I see it, is a shift in the tax burden from the manufacturers to the people. Retired judge Marjorie Montgomery Bowker has suggested that by 1998, when NAFTA will be fully implemented our lost revenues will be 24 billion.

Apush 1989 Dbq Essay

Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois offered different strategies for dealing with the problems of poverty and discrimination faced by Black Americans at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries. Using the documents and your knowledge of the period 1877-1915, assess the appropriateness of each of these strategies in the historical context in which each was developed. In reference to the years between 1877 and 1915, I assessed that, based on between each of these strategies, Booker T. Washington’s approach was more appropriate during the time period between 1877 and 1915 than W.E.B. Du Boise’s strategy, for the simple fact that while his strategy would take longer to accomplish deal with the problems of poverty and discrimination in comparison to W.E.B. Du Boise’s strategy, it is far more likely that changes to a society would be accepted if they were introduced slowly into people’s minds by Booker T. Washington’s approach. In 1877 Reconstruction ended with the signing of the Compromise of 1877. In 1877, there was no presidential candidate that had received the appropriate number required to take the white house. Samuel Tilden had gotten only 184 of the 185 that he needed to beat Hayes. Therefore it was up to Congress to decide who would win the presidency. There were a total of 15 people voting. Seven of them were republicans; while the other eight were democrats. Obviously the Republican candidate, Rutherford Hayes, won the presidency. However, to avoid claims of unfair voting, President Hayes agreed to three compromises. He would pull troops out of the south; give money to the south for internal improvements, such as railroads, and to allow a well known southerner to be in his cabinet. This marked the end of reconstruction. Reconstruction was unsuccessful because according to (Doc J),† colored† people were still drinking from â€Å"colored† water fountains. This is a reason as to why the appropriateness of Booker T. Washington’s strategy for dealing with the problem discrimination faced by Black Americans, such as the discrimination applied to water fountains. Viewing â€Å"School Enrollment Graph† in (Doc A), it is apparent that W.E.B Du Boise’s strategy for reducing discrimination in schools would not have worked, if it were not for the fact that there simple were not enough people willing to teach black students. Although there were a few black teachers educating young black American’s, it was still not enough to turn the tides of discrimination until a later date. Many people in this time period are just not ready to accept the education of blacks in school. It goes against the values and traditions they were taught. An appropriate reference is that of the talented tenth. The talented tenth was a phrase used by W.E.B. Du Boise to express the possibility that only one out of ten in the black population would one day leaders of the black race. He believed that only through education that this one tenth would one day accomplish this. However, Booker T. Washington’s approach was much more silent and effective. In the Atlanta compromise, Booker T. Washington agrees with southern white leaders for black people to, not promote suffrage for their people, protest against discrimination, all while only getting just basic education, such as training to be a factory worker. The drastic increase in black Americans being enrolled in school in 1895 is due to the Atlanta compromise. This proves that Booker T. Washington’s approach, while cumbersome, was highly effective in comparison to black education opportunities beforehand. The rate does rise; showing that after 1915 there would be a much better chance of any percent of Black Americans getting into college. Referring to (Doc B), one can assess that while black illiteracy was still at large, it is decreasing at a steady rate. This is exactly the type of strategy Booker T. Washington promoted. This decrease in illiteracy over time would eventually allow more and more black students to attend college, without hitting the invisible threshold that white southerners had set primarily by white southerners to prevent black Americans from becoming equal to White Americans; even in education. Every time the illiteracy rate was lowered, it did not seem unreasonable to allow a little more leniency in their customs of discrimination. Over time Booker T. Washington’s strategy for reducing discrimination regarding education would be successful. Again, Booker T. Washington’s strategy for dealing with discrimination is proven to be more appropriate than W.E. B. Du Boise’s strategy because it is represented in (Doc C). (Doc C) shows the eventual decrease in the lynching of black peop le compared to white people. While the number of lynching of black people is significantly higher than the number of lynching for black people, both decrease over time. This shows that white people were willing to accept less lynching of black people, as black people became more integrated into the white society. This happened in several ways, such as in increase in black education. When black people because more educated, they were able to have a greater variety of jobs, even jobs that white people did. This increased the overall relationship between blacks and whites. White people would rather lynch a person they didn’t have a relationship with, than a fellow coworker, of student. A summarization of Booker T Washington’s strategy presented in The Atlanta Compromise Address or â€Å"Document D† would be to say that he wanted all black Americans to learn trades. He wanted them to pass on those skills, and use those skills so their families could have a better life. â€Å"Cast down your bucket where you are†¦while doing this you can be sure in the future, as in the past, that you and your families will be surrounded by the most patient, faithful, law-abiding, and un resentful people that the world has seen.† EEE A summarization of W.E.B Du Bois strategy can be described as ceaseless agitation stated in â€Å"The Niagara Movement†- â€Å"The Niagara Movement proposes to gain these ends†¦. If we expect to gain our rights by nerveless acquiescence in wrong, then we expect to do what no other nation ever did. What must we do then? We must complain. Yes, plain, blunt complain, ceaseless agitation, unfailing exposure of dishonesty and wrong- this is the ancient, unerring way to liberty, and we must follow it.†-Document F I disagree with his strategy for the period 1877-1915 for he only thought about a small number of the black race, the top ten percent. He was going to send them to Harvard and some how they were going to become the intelligence for the black race as a whole. This also appoints only specific figures as a mini government of the black race. Mainly in Booker T Washington’s proposal, it just seems as if he included the whole race as opposed to W.E.B’s p roposal pertaining to only a small select few. Washington used controversial methods that did not directly challenge white supremacy in order to deal with the problems of poverty and discrimination faced by black people. He was a teacher at Tuskegee Institute in the 1880s, which was an industrial school at the time. He emphasized practical skills and stressed that a vocational education would help blacks acquire economic independence which in turn would lead to the white race recognizing their political rights. However, document H indicates that his ideas received much scrutiny. People accused his emphasis on vocational training as an idea which stifled the progress of the black race because it â€Å"condemned† the education received by college educated blacks. Also, many believed that vocational education served as a barrier which kept blacks from achieving higher levels of education. Furthermore, many thought that Washington’s methods did nothing to help black racial progress and thought accommodation created a larger polarization between blacks and whites.

Philosophy †Plato Essay

2. What is the role of philosophy for Socrates and why is it valuable in itself? Explain three argu- ments Socrates gives for the immortality of the soul. Briefly explain Cebes and Simmias’ coun- terarguments using examples from the text for support. Finally, based on your understanding of the Phaedo give your interpretation of the last words of Socrates and back it up by citing the text. In Plato’s The Last Days of Socrates, Phaedo gives an account of the last few hours of Socrates’ life, to Echecrates when he encounters him after Socrates’ death. In Phaedo’s telling of the story, we learn about why Philosophy was so important to Socrates, and why he spent his final hours explaining his arguments about the body and the soul, to his two friend Cebes and Simmias. Socrates presents four separate arguments as to how the soul lives separately from the body, the first being the theory of opposites, seconded by the theory of recollection, and followed by his theory of Affinity. After he presents his first three arguments, Simmias and Cebes interject with their opinions and counterarguments to Socrates’ first three, which is then when Socrates comes up with his fourth and final argument – Theory of the Forms. The last and final argument is one of the most important arguments that Socrates will make throughout the whole story. Phaedo ends his account to Echecrates by telling us of the final words of Socrates. Socrates was a well known Greek philosopher, known chiefly through the writings of his students, such as Plato who wrote the novel in which we are reflecting. Socrates did not write down any of his ideas or knowledge, but instead instilled it upon other people who took the re- sponsibility of writing it down for themselves. During Socrates’ final hours, we find out why Phi- losophy was so important to him. He argues that the soul is a separate entity from the body, and that we must separate the soul as far as possible from it. He relates this to death, by saying that death is this freeing and parting of the soul from the body. Socrates states, on page 100 line 67d exactly why Philosophy is important – â€Å"†¦those that go in for philosophy in the correct way who are always eager to set the soul free; what philosophers practice is exactly this, the freeing and parting of soul from body. † He believes that Philosophers live their lives being as close to death as possible, â€Å"those occupied correctly in philosophy really do practice dying, and death is less frightening for them than for anyone else (Plato 67a). † He states that if philosophers desire that one thing, separating the soul from the body, then they must always be close to death and to nev- er be afraid of it. Socrates presents his initial argument that â€Å"everything comes to be through opposite things coming to be from no other source than their own opposites (Plato 70e). † He believed that everything that exists, has an opposite and must have came from that opposite. He provided examples such as â€Å"the beautiful is presumably opposite to the ugly† or â€Å"when something comes to be bigger, it must be from being smaller before (Plato 70e). † In explaining this argument, he presents that between the two members of the pair, there are two-processes for the pair to come into being. In order for something to be big, it had to come from being small, it increased in size but it could go the opposite way and decrease in size as well. This argument relates to the soul and the body by saying that being alive has an opposite, which is being dead. In order for the op-posites argument to be logical, one must be able to come back from the dead and be alive, so it is from the dead that living things come to be alive. This leads us to believe that the soul is immor- tal, and existed before the body. Socrates sums up this argument by stating, â€Å"the living have come from the dead no less than the dead from the living; and I think it seemed to us that if this were the case, it would be sufficient proof that the souls of the dead must be somewhere – from where they were to be born again (Plato 72a). † Following the argument about opposites, Socrates poses the question that if we are going to recollect something, we must have had knowledge about it at a previous point in time. This is then the second argument that Plato recounts in his telling of Socrates’ last hours. What he is pre- senting in this argument, is the fact that when we recognize something, it brings us back to think- ing about something else. So when we recognize this first object, it triggers our minds to remem- ber something that is associated with that object. Therefore, when we remember something we are recollecting back to a previous state or time or object. He argues that these recollections canat are unlike the items we have recollected. He sums this thought up by saying, â€Å"So long as, on seeing one thing, you come to have something else in mind, like or unlike, from seeing the first one. What occurs must be recollection (Plato 74d). † He doesn’t stop at this, but then goes on to explain that we had this knowledge before we even obtained our senses. When we were born, we obtained the ability to see, hear, and possess all of the other senses, but we had this knowledge before our senses, so therefore we had this knowledge before we were even born. This argument leads back to his original point that the soul exists outside of the body. â€Å"Whereas if we get our knowledge before we are born but lose it on being born, and then later through the use of our perceptions we get back those pieces of knowledge that we had at some previous time, what we call learning would be a matter of getting back knowledge that was ours anyway; and we’d be surely correct if we called that recollection (Plato 75e). † Socrates’ third argument before Cebes and Simmias provide their counterarguments is his theory of Affinity. This suggests that we must distinguish between things that are material, visi- ble, and perishable and things that are immaterial, invisible, and immortal. In this case, the body is the thing that is perishable, while the soul is immortal and lives on. While arguing this to Sim- mias and Cebes, Socrates states, â€Å"the soul is something that’s very like what’s divine, deathless, the object of intellect, uniform, undissolved, and always in exactly the same state as it ever was; while body in its turn is something very like what’s human, mortal, mindless, multiform, tending to dissolution, and never the same as it was before (Plato 80b). † This is yet another argument that proves his point that when the body dies, the soul still lives. He brings up the point in this argu- ment that the soul may wander, but eventually it is put into a different body or it will spend its time with the Gods. After his third argument, Simmias and Cebes finally interject and give their counterargu- ments to Socrates. Simmias is the first to present his counterargument, by comparing the topic of the soul existing after the death of the body, to the attunement of an instrument. He states, â€Å"The argument would go, there’d be no way that the lyre could continue to exist as it does, with the strings broken, or that the strings could, while the attunement, which is of the same nature and the same kin as the divine and deathless, had already perished, before the mortal (Plato 86a-c). † He is comparing the body to an instrument, and the soul to the attunement. When the instrument is no longer there, if it was completely broken or burned, there would no longer be a tune. The tune of one instrument does not just travel to a separate instrument when the original one is gone. Cebes then gives his counterargument, not agreeing with the one Simmias just made and not ful- ly agreeing with all of Socrates’ arguments. Cebes argument states that the soul does still live on after the body is dead, but that it is not entirely immortal. He then compares the body to a cloak and the soul to the body, stating â€Å"someone might say the very same things about soul and body as about the weaver and his cloak, that the soul is something long-lived, while the body is a weaker and shorter-lived thing, but all the same, he’d say, every single soul wears out many bod-ies, especially if it has a long life – for if the body is in flux, and is perishing even while the per- son is alive, still the soul always weaves again whats being worn out. (Plato 87e). † This argu- ment he presents states that a soul can live through many bodies, as a person can go through many cloaks each as they wear out. He finishes his argument by stating that â€Å"there’s no justifica- tion yet for relying on this argument of yours, and it gives us no reassurance that when we die our soul still exists somewhere (Plato 88a). † Socrates final words at the end of Phaedo’s account were, â€Å"Crito, we owe a cock to As-clepius; pay our debt and no forgetting. † According to Greek myth, the cock symbolizes a peace offering to the god Asclepius in order to receive a cure. In this case, Socrates was getting ready to die. This could mean only two things to me, the first being that he was being cured of his life by dying and being closer than ever to the one thing that philosophers dedicate their time to, sep- arating his soul from his body and having that soul be free. The second interpretation I came up with is that he offered this cock to the god Asclepius to avoid any misfortune after he dies, while his soul is still living. All in all, Socrates had many deep and thought provoking arguments as to why the soul and the body are separate, and why the soul continues to live after the body has perished. Whether or not these arguments seemed logical, or were very believable, Socrates spent his whole life dedicated to the ideas of Philosophy, and he spent his final hours instilling his beliefs upon those who cared about him. Socrates died for what he believed in, and that’s what makes Phaedo’s account of his life so interesting. Works Cited: Plato, , and Christopher Rowe. The Last Day of Socrates. New York: Penguin Classics, 2010. 87-169. Print.

Current evidence based approaches for children’s behaviour Essay

Identify and explain current evidence based approaches to understanding children and young people’s behaviour Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the integration of best research evidence with practice expertise and the values of service users and carers. Firstly, when looking at best practice strategies in our setting it is evident that a number of theorists have had much impact on how we interact and engage children in their learning and development. Theorists focused on cognitive development such as Piaget and Vygotsky stressed the importance of the social environment in helping children realise their potential. Whilst behaviourists like Skinner believed that children learn/develop through consequences and reinforcements after an initial behaviour. Other theorists, like Freud and Maslow, examined the influence of personality and motivation as factors that influence our behaviour. Bandura further highlighted the value of social interactions. These studies and research have helped shape and model much of how we operate in the support we give children in their development and learning. EBP in infant, toddler, and early childhood psychology has the potential to improve the health of an increasingly diverse community by focusing on the needs of the youngest, most vulnerable members of society and the families charged with their care and nurturance. Although infant and early childhood psychology may seem like a narrow and specific area, evidence-based practice with young children and their families is vitally important, considering the broad implications for future long and short-term developmental outcomes There are many specific reasons for school psychologists’ current interest in infants, toddlers, and young children. For example, Premature and low birth weight (LBW) infants, especially very low birth weight (< 1500 grams), present unique challenges for early intervention since LBW is often a precursor for a myriad of developmental, medical, sensory, and learning difficulties. We use observations and next steps within my setting as evidence based approach to understanding a child’s behaviour. Using evidence seen such as – a child gets unsettled with transitions during the daily routine – how can we use  this evidence to best plan for the child. I.e. – in future give advance warning to any changes in the routine and offer support and comfort at times they find difficult thus the child growing in confidence. As a practitioner we apply knowledge to a situation that has been previously researched which allows us to make a well informed decision about future actions. Every day practise can be influenced by what we have learnt or found out from research, media, and colleagues. Professional practise is keeping up to date with these findings and using them to deliver best practise (using evidence and findings). Within my setting we also understand and respect the importance of all agencies communicating and sharing information and evidence to see the ‘whole child’ using this evidence to shape our practise and how we plan between each other for the best of the child.

Down East Spud Busters

As a manager, one of the many aspects of your role is to â€Å"control†, which as you know, means periodically (or continually) checking on the status of production, operations, staffing, budget, quality, etc. Now, employees often react negatively to this, communicating actively or passively resentment about the manager's actually or figuratively â€Å"looking over their shoulders† or trying to catch them doing something wrong or always â€Å"making corrections† about the way things are being done. What re some strategies you can use to do a good Job controlling, but avoid the employee backlash In attitude?This really would depend on what type of Industry and the structure of the company. From my past working experiences I used deferent methods were needed to control quality and production. As a project manager In the telecoms Industry an on-hands style was needed In order to get each station physically approved from the vendor. The relationship between managemen t and supervisors,'leads could be anywhere In the range of tense to cordial depending on he quality of the job the supervisor's crew produced.There were other elements that also had to be taken into consideration. Such as, weather, equipment availability, and deadlines. A looking over the shoulder strategy is needed, and is part of some job specification. Another strategy I have had to use was daily receiving, production and shipping reports. While using these methods a minimum interaction is needed with the employees. These types of reports can tell you if production is down from absentee, bad products from vendors or equipment failures.